Using E-mail as Performance Feedback to Teach Paraprofessionals to Implement Constant Time Delay with Braille Words

Abstract

Paraprofessionals need support in successfully implementing literacy interventions to students with visual impairments. This study used a multiple-probe-across-participants design to evaluate the effectiveness of using performance feedback delivered by e-mail to increase paraprofessionals’ implementation of constant time delay to teach braille words. Participants were three dyads, each consisting of a paraprofessional and a student with a visual impairment. Paraprofessionals were given a brief training on how to implement constant time delay, and then supported with e-mail feedback. The addition of e-mail feedback increased their fidelity of implementation with the intervention of constant time delay. Implications are offered related to the use of e-mail feedback and directions for future research.