Efficacy and safety of cap-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection of ileocecal valve polyps

Abstract

Background and study aims Standard endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of ileocecal valve (ICV) polyps is challenging. Cap-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection (C-EMR) can be performed when polyps are not easily amenable to standard EMR. Current literature is limited regarding its efficacy and safety for ICV polyps. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy and safety of C-EMR for ICV polyps.

Patients and methods A retrospective review was conducted from September 2008 to November 2018 at a tertiary care center. Patients included in the study underwent C-EMR for ICV polyps by a single gastroenterologist (LHJ). Polyps were successfully eradicated if they were removed en-bloc as confirmed by pathology, or had a negative biopsy on follow-up colonoscopy. Outcomes of the procedures were evaluated, including complete adenoma clearance and adverse events.

Results Twenty-one ICV polyps were removed with C-EMR. Median polyp size was 15 mm (range, 5-45). The rate of complete adenoma clearance was 100 %. Procedure-related complications occurred in five patients (24 %): delayed GI bleeding (4.8 %) and deep mucosal resection/visible vessel (14.3 %). Three patients had subsequent surveillance colonoscopies at 8, 56, and 67 months, respectively. The third patient was found to have a 6-mm flat polyp at the edge of the previous polypectomy site. This was treated with C-EMR and repeat colonoscopy 6 months later did not show residual.

Conclusion C-EMR is highly effective in treating ICV polyps with a low complication rate. It is our suggested method in approaching ICV polyps that are difficult to remove via standard freehand snare EMR technique.