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Development of Multianalyte Microphysiometry for the Study of Islets and Toxins
(2008-12-22)
Multianalyte microphysiometry is a real-time method for evaluating cellular metabolism using the multianalyte microphysiometer (MAMP), an instrument capable of measuring extracellular changes in the flux rates of oxygen, ...
The Role of the Prostaglandin E2 EP3 Receptor in Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Glycemic Control
(2015-12-01)
Mice carrying a targeted disruption of the prostaglandin E2 E-prostanoid receptor 3 (EP3) gene, Ptger3, were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), or a micronutrient matched control diet, to investigate the effects of disrupted ...
Clinical Outcomes Associated with Second-line Medications for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
(2018-03-19)
Patients with type 2 diabetes who initiate therapy with metformin often add a second-line agent to achieve more optimal glycemic control. Commonly used second-line medications such as sulfonylurea and insulin are highly ...
Integrin Signaling is a Novel Regulator of Hepatic Insulin Action
(2015-03-25)
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically in parallel with excess caloric intake and sedentary lifestyles. Insulin resistance precedes the development of type 2 diabetes. The liver is a major insulin-responsive ...
Insights into TALK-1 Channel Modulation of Islet Cell Calcium Homeostasis and Hormone Secretion
(2017-08-09)
The two-pore domain K<sup>+</sup> (K2P) channel TALK-1 is highly expressed in the pancreatic islet and is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk through a non-synonymous polymorphism (rs1535500). Here, we established ...
Glutotoxic and Lipotoxic Consequences for Human β Cell Function In Vivo
(2015-10-20)
Diabetes is characterized by excess levels of glucose and lipid in the blood, which have been proposed to directly and negatively impact islet β cells, exacerbating symptoms and promoting disease progression. Our understanding ...
Therapeutic Silencing of Centromere Protein X Ameliorates Hyperglycemia in Zebrafish and Mouse Models of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(Frontiers in Genetics, 2019-07-29)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Optimum T2DM management involves early diagnosis and effective glucose-lowering therapies. ...
The Microvascular Control of Insulin Action and Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle
(2018-07-22)
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a state of metabolic dysfunction that increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Despite decades of research into potential myocellular defects, the ...
The role of insulin and Akt in the regulation of the norepinephrine transporter and monoamine homeostasis
(2010-07-15)
Monoamine signaling in the central nervous system plays an essential role in circuits involving attention, mood, memory, and stress as well as providing pivotal support for autonomic function in the peripheral nervous ...
Regulated Glucagon Secretion from Islet and Pseudo-Islet Alpha Cells
(2017-04-07)
Misregulated hormone secretion from the islets of Langerhans is central to the pathophysiology of Diabetes. While insulin plays a key role in glucose regulation and the modulation of secretion has immediate clinical ...