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Complexity Theory as a Paradigm for the Dynamical Law-and-Society System: A Wake-up Call for Legal Reductionism and the Modern Administrative State
(Duke Law Journal, 1996)
This article is the first in my series of articles exploring the application of complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory to legal systems. It builds the basic model of CAS and maps it onto legal systems, offering some suggestions ...
Currencies and the Commodification of Environmental Law
(Stanford Law Review, 2000)
The success of several environmental trading markets (ETMs) has led to proposals for broader use of ETMs in environmental and resource management policy. The successful ETMs all share a basic feature-they exchange units ...
In Defense of Regulatory Peer Review
(Washington University Law Review, 2006)
The debate over application of peer review to the regulatory decisions of administrative agencies has heated up in the last year. Part of the larger and controversial sound science movement, mandating peer review for certain ...
The Co-Evolution of Sustainable Development and Environmental Justice: Cooperation, Then Competition, Then Conflict
(Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum, 1999)
This article explores sustainable development and environmental justice as potentially conflicting policy goals. Sustainable development includes equity as one of its five dimensions (in addition to environment, economy, ...
Background Principles, Takings, and Libertarian Property: A Reply to Professor Huffman
(Ecology Law Quarterly, 2010)
One of the principal, if unexpected, results of the Supreme Court's 1992 decision in "Lucas v. South Carolina" Coastal Commission is the rise of background principles of property and nuisance law as a categorical defense ...
Regulatory Traffic Jams
(Wyoming Law Review, 2002)
Notwithstanding the tremendous amount of attention environmental agencies, policy analysts, and scholars have paid to "regulatory reinvention," it has been pitched primarily as a refinement of the sanction and facilitation ...
The Pardy-Ruhl Dialogue on Ecosystem Management, Part IV: Narrowing and Sharpening the Questions
(Pace Environmental Law Review, 2007)
This article, fourth in a five-part dialogue appearing in the Pace ELR, further responds to Professor Bruce Pardy's critique of ecosystem management. I defend ecosystem management, arguing it does not involve the standardless, ...
Taking Adaptive Management Seriously: A Case Study of the Endangered Species Act
(Kansas Law Review, 2004)
If one compares the way in which the ESA was implemented in 1982 to the way it is today, the list of differences would far outweigh the similarities. Indeed, the ESA has been transformed so much through administrative ...
Integrating Ecosystem Services into Environmental Law: A Case Study of Wetlands Mitigation Banking
(Stanford Envir4onmental Law Journal, 2001)
This article argues that Section 404 of the Clean Water Act provides ample statutory authority for the Corps of Engineers and EPA to integrate ecosystem service values and impacts into wetlands impact and mitigation decisions.
Managing Systemic Risk in Legal Systems
(Indiana Law Journal, 2014)
The American legal system has proven remarkably robust even in the face vast and often tumultuous political, social, economic, and technological change. Yet our system of law is not unlike other complex social, biological, ...