PP2A(C) Phospho-Tyr(307) Antibodies Are Not Specific for this Modification but Are Sensitive to Other PP2A(C) Modifications Including Leu(309) Methylation

Abstract

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is an important regulator of signal transduction pathways and a tumor suppressor. Phosphorylation of the PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2A(C)) at tyrosine 307 has been claimed to inactivate PP2A and was examined in more than 180 studies using commercial antibodies, but this modification was never identified using mass spectrometry. Here we show that the most cited pTyr(307) monoclonal antibodies, E155 and F-8, are not specific for phosphorylated Tyr(307) but instead are hampered by PP2A(C) methylation at leucine 309 or phosphorylation at threonine 304. Other pTyr(307)( )antibodies are sensitive to PP2A(C) methylation as well, and some cross-react with pTyr residues in general, including phosphorylated hemagglutinin tags. We identify pTyr(307) using targeted mass spectrometry after transient overexpression of PP2A(C) and Src kinase. Yet under such conditions, none of the tested antibodies show exclusive pTyr(307) specificity. Thus, data generated using these antibodies need to be revisited, and the mechanism of PP2A inactivation needs to be redefined.