Clinical Psychology -- Autism Researchhttp://hdl.handle.net/1803/2122024-03-28T14:47:56Z2024-03-28T14:47:56ZCognitive Reactivity and AffectZhang, Yinghaohttp://hdl.handle.net/1803/94682020-04-22T10:31:38Z2019-01-01T00:00:00ZCognitive Reactivity and Affect
Zhang, Yinghao
Cognitive Reactivity (CR), an established diathesis for depression, has been defined as the strength of association between displeasure and dysfunctional attitudes within person. However, displeasure could encompass a variety of distinct types of affect, among which only cognitive reactivity to sadness (CR-SAD) has been studied in prior research. In the current study, college student participants were recruited to validate a new daily diary measure of CR that includes dynamic assessments of CR-SAD, as well as Cognitive Reactivity to Negative Affect (CR-NA) and Cognitive Reactivity to Positive Affect (CR-PA). Three results emerged: (1) the daily diary measure of CR-SAD (CR-SAD-DD) converged with other measures of CR-SAD; (2) CR-SAD-DD was associated with depressive symptoms; (3) naturally occurring NA and PA were found to uniquely contribute to emergence of dysfunctional cognitions over and above sadness. The current study was the first to combine literature in CR and affective structures, and its findings may have profound implications in the diagnosis and treatment of depression and other psychopathologies.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZComparing the Performance Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening Measures in ToddlersPalmer, Amandahttp://hdl.handle.net/1803/63832020-04-22T06:28:57Z2014-05-15T00:00:00ZComparing the Performance Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening Measures in Toddlers
Palmer, Amanda
The current study represents a preliminary investigation of a new screening measure, the
Vanderbilt Scales for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This measure’s psychometric
performance in toddlers referred for developmental evaluation (N=159, ages 18-36
months) was compared to the most common screening measure (i.e., the Modified
Checklist for Autism in Toddlers [M-CHAT]) and a structured observation of behavior.
Results indicated that the Vanderbilt Scales had a lower sensitivity than the M-CHAT,
but a higher specificity and positive predictive value. Adding a structured observation of
behavior resulted in a higher positive predictive value than when either respective
screening measure was used alone. Results highlight the limits of self-report screening
measures and the potential value of hybrid screening methodologies utilizing parent
report and structured observations.
Comparing the performance of ASD screening measures and a structured observation of behavior in identifying children with and without ASD. Course #psy-2990, Honors Research, Dr. Megan Saylor
2014-05-15T00:00:00ZFamily Perspectives on a Successful Transition to Adulthood for Individuals with DisabilitiesHenninger, Natalie A.http://hdl.handle.net/1803/55952013-10-15T17:00:25Z2013-10-15T00:00:00ZFamily Perspectives on a Successful Transition to Adulthood for Individuals with Disabilities
Henninger, Natalie A.
When researchers evaluate adult outcomes for individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (ID/DD), the perspective of families is not always considered. Parents of individuals with ID/DD (n=198) answered an online survey about their definition of a successful transition to adulthood. Content analysis was used to describe themes and ideas present in responses. Rather than focusing only on developmental tasks of adulthood, such as living independently, being competitively employed, and maintaining friendships, responses reflected a more varied and dynamic view of success in adulthood, taking into account the fit between the person with ID/DD and his or her environment. As services are developed and implemented for adults with ID/DD, it is important to take into consideration the priorities families place on different aspects of transition success.
Revised following 2011 graduation
2013-10-15T00:00:00ZPeople or Video? What Do Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders Choose?Deisenroth, Lauren K.http://hdl.handle.net/1803/47282020-04-22T07:00:16Z2011-02-07T00:00:00ZPeople or Video? What Do Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders Choose?
Deisenroth, Lauren K.
Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by social, communication and behavioral challenges. This research follows up on reports that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) learn important skills better from a person on video compared to a person who is present and interacts with the child. The purpose of this study with children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls is to examine visual preferences to two sights: a video of a person and a real person who is present. Children were simultaneously shown a short video of a person singing songs and playing games and an identical “live” presentation by the same person. Previous studies that examined visual preferences did not compare children’s preference for videotaped and live human behavior. This research may have implications both for theory regarding social deficits in autism, and practical applications for early detection and intervention.
2011-02-07T00:00:00Z